Error logging

It was only recently that I started to take the whole debugging process a little more seriously.
Before that, I used to brute force solutions to my programming woes. This wasn't exactly the best approach, in hindsight.
Maybe it had something to do with the Mobile Apps Development tutor nagging us about using logging to check that our code works.
That leads to the question of: what is the most effective approach to error logging?
Getting trigger-happy with the logging statements? Or just putting them where the code looks like it needs to be monitored?
My personal approach was to only put the statements where I thought the code looked like it needed to be watched.
For me, logging statements tell me more about a piece of code than setting breakpoints and stepping through the dodgy code.